HSS, High SpeedSteel, wani nau'i ne na kayan aiki wanda nake tuntuɓar mafi yawan lokacin da na shiga masana'antar kayan aiki.Bayan haka, mun fahimci cewa karfen da muke amfani da shi a wancan lokacin ya kamata a kira shi “Sarfen mai saurin gudu na talakawa”, kuma akwai kayayakin da ya fi shi, kamar karfen aluminum high gudun karfe, karfen cobalt da dai sauransu, wadanda a fili suke. wanda ya fi shi ta fuskar hada-hadar gami, ko foda karfen karfe mai saurin gudu wanda a fili ya fi shi wajen yin narke;Tabbas, akwai kuma abin da ake kira "ƙarfe-ƙarfe mai sauri" tare da ƙananan aiki.
Babban kayan aikin ƙarfe na ƙarfe ya ƙunshi abubuwa guda biyu na asali:Ɗayan shine ƙarfe na ƙarfe (tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide ko vanadium carbide), wanda ke ba da kayan aiki mafi kyawun juriya;Na biyu shine matrix na karfe da aka rarraba a kusa da shi, wanda ke sa kayan aiki ya fi ƙarfin ƙarfi da ikon ɗaukar tasiri da kuma hana rarrabuwa.
An gano cewa girman hatsi na karfe mai sauri yana da tasiri mai girma akan kaddarorin karfe mai sauri.Ko da yake ƙara yawan adadin ƙwayoyin carbide na ƙarfe a cikin ƙarfe na iya inganta juriya na kayan aiki, tare da karuwar abun ciki na gami, girman carbide da adadin agglomerates shima zai karu, wanda zai haifar da mummunan tasiri akan taurin. na karfe, saboda manyan gungu na carbide na iya zama mafarin fashewa.Saboda haka, kasashen waje sun gudanar da bincike da wuri don bin kyawawan hatsi na karfe mai sauri.
A cikin marigayi 1960s, foda metallurgy high-gudun karfe masana'antu tsari da aka samu nasarar ɓullo da a Sweden da kuma shiga kasuwa a farkon 1970s.Wannan tsari na iya ƙara ƙarin abubuwan gami a cikin ƙarfe mai sauri ba tare da lalata ƙarfi, ƙarfi ko ƙaƙƙarfan abu ba, don haka kayan aiki tare da tauri mai ƙarfi, juriya mai ƙarfi, na iya ɗaukar tasirin yankewa, kuma ya dace da sarrafa ƙimar babban yankewa. kuma ana iya yin aikin yankan tsaka-tsaki.Duk da haka, yana haɗuwa da kyau taurin ƙarfe mai sauri tare da babban juriya na ciminti carbide.Saboda da lafiya da kuma uniform rarraba carbide barbashi a foda metallurgy high-gudun karfe, da ƙarfi da taurin suna sosai inganta idan aka kwatanta da talakawa high-gudun karfe tare da wannan carbide abun ciki.Tare da wannan fa'ida, foda metallurgy high-gudun karfe kayan aikin ne sosai dace da machining lokatai da babban sabon tasiri da kuma high karfe kau kudi (kamar flexure yankan, intermittent yankan, da dai sauransu).Bugu da ƙari, saboda ƙarfin da ƙarfin foda na ƙarfe mai sauri mai sauri ba za a raunana ba ta hanyar karuwar abun ciki na carbide na karfe, masu sana'a na karfe na iya ƙara yawan abubuwan da ke cikin karfe don inganta aikin kayan aiki.Har ila yau, saboda albarkatun tungsten (W) suna da dabarun dabarun, kuma siminti na zamani na amfani da albarkatun tungsten da yawa, ƙananan ƙananan ƙarfe mai sauri ya zama alkibla na bincike da haɓaka karafa mai sauri.Ƙarfe mai sauri da ke ɗauke da cobalt (HSS-Co) an haɓaka shi da yawa a cikin ƙasashen waje.Daga baya, an gane a duniya cewa ƙarfe mai sauri wanda ya ƙunshi cobalt tare da abun ciki na cobalt fiye da 2% shine babban aikin ƙarfe mai sauri (HSSE).Cobalt kuma yana taka rawar gani sosai wajen haɓaka aikin ƙarfe mai sauri.Yana iya inganta carbides don narke da yawa a cikin matrix yayin kashewa da dumama, da amfani da taurin matrix mai girma don haɓaka juriya.The high gudun karfe yana da kyau taurin, thermal taurin, sa juriya da grindability.Abun cikin cobalt na al'ada cobalt high-gudun karfe a duniya yawanci 5% da 8%.Misali, W2Mo9Cr4VCo8 (M42 ta Amurka) tana da ƙarancin abun ciki na vanadium (1%), babban abun ciki na cobalt (8%) da taurin maganin zafi na 67-70HRC.Koyaya, ana amfani da hanyoyin magance zafi na musamman don samun taurin 67-68HRC, wanda ke haɓaka aikin yankewarsa (musamman yankan tsaka-tsaki) kuma yana haɓaka taurin tasiri.Ana iya yin ƙarfe mai sauri na Cobalt a cikin kayan aiki iri-iri, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don yanke kayan aiki mai wuyar gaske tare da sakamako mai kyau.Saboda kyakkyawan aikin niƙa, ana iya sanya shi cikin kayan aiki masu rikitarwa, waɗanda ake amfani da su a duniya.Duk da haka, kasar Sin tana da karancin albarkatun cobalt, kuma farashin karfen cobalt mai saurin gaske yana da tsada, kusan sau 5-8 fiye da na talakawan karfe mai sauri.
Saboda haka, kasar Sin ta ƙera ƙarfe mai sauri na aluminum.Maki na aluminum high-gudun karfe ne W6Mo5Cr4V2Al (kuma aka sani da 501 karfe), W6Mo5Cr4V5SiNbAl, W10Mo4Cr4VAL (kuma aka sani da 5F6 karfe), da dai sauransu, da aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), niobium (Nb) abubuwa ne yafi. ƙara don inganta taurin thermal da juriya.Ya dace da albarkatun kasar Sin, kuma farashin ya ragu.Taurin maganin zafi zai iya kaiwa 68HRC, kuma zafin zafin yana da kyau.Duk da haka, irin wannan karfe yana da sauƙi don oxidize da decarburize, kuma filastik da kuma niƙansa ba su da kyau, wanda har yanzu yana buƙatar ingantawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-24-2023